Exchange traded funds, or ETF, are assets such as stock and bonds. They are traded as the same value as the net price of its underlying stock. Authorized participants buy or sell shares of an ETF directly from or to the fund manager. They are traded in large blocks of tens of thousands of shares exchanged in kind with baskets of the underlying security. The shares are invested as market makers on the open market but can also be invested for the long term. ETF’s experience price fluctuations during the trading day as they are bought and sold.

An ETF provides diversification of an index fund as well as the ability for the short sell or buy on margin. An advantage to ETF’s is the expense ratios for most ETF’s are lower than the average mutual fund, but brokers get the same commission that you pay on a regular order.

Exchange traded funds trade all day long. Mutual funds take orders during trading hours, but the transactions occur at the close of the stock market. The price calculated is the sum of the closing day prices of the stocks in the fund. ETF’s can take advantage of price locking and can lock in a price for the underlying stocks all day long and not depend on the closing price.

ETF’s is an inexpensive to buy and maintain over the long run. They are attractive for buy and hold investors. Annual fees are typically under 1% compared to the average mutual fund that is hovering about 1.4%.

Technically and legally ETF’s are considered a class of mutual funds and are subject to the same Security Exchange Commission rules that traditional mutual funds do. They are structured a bit differently than a traditional mutual fund and that difference is how they are bought and sold. ETFs like BRIC ETFs have gained in popularity over the last few year.